Abstract (eng)
Background: Community care is getting more and more important in psychiatric health care and in mental health nursing. In the Canton of Berne a significant proportion of outpatient care is provided by freelance community mental health nurses. Until now there was no systematically retrieved data on the characteristics and needs of their clients. Such information would enable the detection of care deficiencies and an improvement respectively optimization of the outpatient professionals’ formation.
Aim: This study assesses the sociodemographic characteristics and the met and unmet needs of clients cared for by freelance community mental health nurses.
Method: By means of a quantitative cross section survey, 47 clients and their freelance care professionals were questioned. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Camberwell Assessment of Need Short Appraisal Schedule (CANSAS) serve as survey instruments. Through the CANSAS, data is collected on the needs in 22 life areas from the patients’ and their care professionals’ viewpoint.
Results: Clients were mostly female (83%) and on average 48 years old. 36% suffered from a affective disorders and 32% were diagnosed with neurotic stress disorder respectively personality and behavior disorder. Clients indicated a need for 5.9 areas on average, while their psychiatric nurses identified 8.3 areas of needs. Both, clients and care persons, identified an unmet need in 2.9 areas. Unmet need was rated most highly in the domains of psychological distress, company of others and intimate relationships. The evaluations of the mental health care professionals and the clients varied strongly in the areas of daily activities and psychological distress but the differences referred mostly to the met needs.
Conclusions: The CANSAS proved to be an adequate instrument for surveying needs in the Swiss community mental health care setting. Because of its simple, clear structure and the short time required to complete, it might well also be used in the routine care for the mentally ill. Needs of clients often tend to be not met in the areas of psychological distress, company of others and intimate relationships. Care planning and care targeting should respond to the unmet needs of the clients in order to prevent or counter care deficiencies. Due to the differences in the evaluations, it is important to include the viewpoints of the clients into the needs assessment in order to obtain a holistic view of the mental health care situations.