Abstract (eng)
The fusion oncogene BCR/ABL is the cause of about 90% of all chronic myeloid
leukemia (CML) and of about 30% of all acute B-cell lymphoid leukemia (B-ALL)
in patients. The 210kDa isoform of BCR/ABL has been associated with CML,
whereas the 185kDa isoform induces B-ALL in humans and mice.
Recently, BCR/ABL p210 oncoprotein has been suggested to directly interact
with the tyrosine 654 of β-catenin, hereby implicating the Wnt-signaling in the
progression of BCR/ABL+ CML to blast crisis. However, it is still unclear
whether this interaction may be accounted to an aggravated phenotype in
BCR/ABL+ CML. In addition, it has not yet been clarified whether this
interaction is essential for the development of BCR/ABL p185-induced B-ALL.
Using a novel transgenic mouse model mimicking the phosphorylated tyrosine
654 residue of β-catenin (Y to E-mutation), we show that fetal liver cells carrying
a double mutant genotype exert a highly increased transformating capacity after
infection with BCR/ABL p185. Also the proliferation ability of these cells is
increased compared to wild-type cell lines. Interestingly, we further show that
EE/EE leukemic cells react with increased Annexin V levels upon serumwithdrawal,
whereas the necrotic cells are strongly reduced. Lastly, we suggest
that the AKT- pathway –among others- might be a key player downstream of
the BCR/ABL/β-catenin complex and essential for the regulation of cell survival
in B-ALL. While phospho-AKT levels are increased in BCR/ABL p185+ EE/EE
leukemic cells, we observed a down-regulation of STAT1-, STAT3- and p38-
dependent signaling.
Taken together, the constitutively active β-catenin might be essential for an
increased survival and proliferation of leukemic cells in BCR/ABL p185+ BALL
and in blast crisis CML. Hence, our data provide an insight into the
molecular biology of BCR/ABL+ leukemia and could also establish a basic
concept for a potential drug interference with progressing leukemia.