Abstract (eng)
Anxious people exhibit an attentional bias towards threatening and negative stimuli that distinguished them from non-anxious people. Newer research has shown that attentional bias plays a role in the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. The goal of the proposed Attentional Bias Modification (ABM) training is to modify the attentional bias away from threatening towards neutral stimuli. A number of recent studies have found a positive effect of the ABM on self-reported anxiety. The goal of this study was to replicate the ABM, for the first time in German and completely online based, and expand on previous findings, namely the relevance of explict instruction, gender differences, and a possible effect of the ABM on depressivity and negative affectivity. 60 sub-clincally anxious individuals were recruited online and randomly assigned to three different experimental conditions (implicit instruction, explicit instruction, and a placebo training). Subjects completed the word-based ABM in six sessions over a period of two weeks. One month later they completed a post-assessement to assess the stability of possible training effects. The results of previous studies could not be replicated. The ABM did not reduce self-reported anxiety, depressivity, and negative affection, but subjects in the implicit instruction condition even reported an increase in anxiety after training completion. Furhter analysis suggested differences between men and womenthat should be followed up in future research. Implications of the obtained results and limitations of this study are discussed.