Abstract (eng)
Peers, in this regard play mates of the same age, were supposed to cause the findings of elevated stress responses in daycare .The children experience and practice their first social interactions in daycare, whereby conflicts with peers might occur. There arises the question whether the mentioned peer conflicts in daycare cause a stress response in toddlers. Furthermore, the work enlightens the aspects, in which way the peer conflicts, the childlike characteristics (e.g. the age, the sex, the aggression, the temperament, and the conflict behavior), and the group dynamic of the daycare centers affect the stress response of the child. The study examined 74 toddlers between the ages of 15 and 40 months in Austrian daycare centers. The information and the data ascertainment in respect of peer conflicts were obtained by detailed video analyses. The toddlers stress reactivity was determined by the hormone cortisol, commonly known as the “stress hormone”, and its potential increase. The level of cortisol was determined for each toddler four times during one day. Prior analysis did not indicate a significant correlation between peer conflicts and the toddlers stress reactivity. Further more, no significant correlations were reported between the conflict behavior, the sex, the child´s temperament and the group dynamics in respect for the toddlers stressreactivity. Whereas, significant correlations between the stress reactivity, and aggression on one hand and on the other hand the age, emerged. More aggressive toddlers revealed higher stress reactivity. Compared to older toddlers younger ones revealed higher stress reactivity. The results of the multiple regression analysis reported a non-significant correlation between the examined parameters (the amount of peer-conflicts, the sex and the age) and the objective, the toddlers stress reactivity. In regard to the peerinteractions itself, the Poisson-Regression indicated the positive peerinteractions as a significant predictor: The more frequent positive interactions with peers, the more frequent the occurrence of peer-conflicts. In summarize, the outcomes suggest the assumption that the experienced peer conflicts in daycare should not be classified as stress provoking situations. In respect to the results of the peerinteractions it rather suggests that peer-conflicts are part of a child’s common social development. To obtain further insight and answers to the topic of stress response in toddlers and its causes the research in the field has to be continued and deepened.