Abstract (eng)
The Vienna Basin is a Neogene sedimentary basin situated on top of the Alpine fold-and-thrustbelt, central Europe, and has a complex tectonic evolution history due to its special position. To investigate the comprehensive basin evolution, this thesis focused on the northern and central parts of the basin, and then the results were compared with previous studies arranged in the southern part. This study designed BasinVis 1.0 to analyze and visualize stratigraphic setting and subsidence from stratigraphic profile data. BasinVis 1.0 was used to analyze and model the depositional setting and the subsidence evolution of the northern and central Vienna Basin. The models provided insights into the Miocene basin evolution, which is closely related with the regional stress change and the paleoenvironmental setting. After shallow and E-W to NE-SW propagating subsidence (piggy-back basin system), the basin changed to a pull-apart basin system with wider and deeper deposition and subsidence by sinistral strike-slip faults. This early Miocene accommodation was filled with sediments eroded from the Alps, while the deposition of the Middle – Late Miocene is strongly related to a broad delta complex from the Molasse foreland basin region. From the Middle Miocene, the subsidence was decreasing overall, however the tectonic subsidence trends show regionally different patterns. The laterally varying tectonic subsidence across the basin can be related to a major tensional regime change from transtension to E-W extension. From the late Middle to Late Miocene, the subsidence occurred dominantly along the regional active normal faults, corresponding to the E-W trending extension.