Abstract (eng)
The municipal structural reform was a cornerstone of the so-called “Reformpartnerschaft” in Styria, consisting of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) and the Austrian People’s Party (ÖVP). Governor Franz Voves and his deputy Hermann Schützenhöfer arranged a new form of cooperation in order to renew Styria substantially, after a minor defeat in the state election 2010. The “Reformpartnerschaft” consisted of many smaller and bigger reforms, but the media focused on the debates over the municipal structural reform, as many towns resisted against their dissolution. The losses for the Social Democrats and the People’s Party were enormous in all three analyzed elections (General election 2013, Communal elections 2015 and State election 2015), but the municipal structural reform can only be part of the explanation of the harsh minus. Considering other, far more unpopular reforms such as a recourse for relatives in the care sector, the emotionalizing effect of the mergers of municipalities were obviously assigned too much on potential electoral behavior. Deep rejection of the reform exhibited rather locally, but overall, the municipal reforms were welcomed by a broad majority. Single cases were maybe generalized too much. Nevertheless, the consequences should not be underrated, despite it is adequate to cumulate the protest as a whole – or the losses of the parties of the Reformpartnerschaft in the State election, the level for which they are responsible themselves. Overall, all three elections exhibited rather similar patterns, a slight malus for the ÖVP and a small bonus for the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) in merged municipalities. Lists of citizens were also a major winner in merged municipalities in the Communal elections, especially where the resistance against the reform was strongest. However, the SPÖ should not draw easy conclusions about their continuous losses, other topics – which may be regarded as welfare state cuts – could have been far more important than the municipal reforms. Interestingly, despite a mood of protest in the state and the thereby high volatility of voters, hardly any other opposition party made profit from the losses of the Reformpartnerschaft than the right-wing FPÖ.