Abstract (eng)
The arise of modern digital currencies or the ability to order goods quickly and easily online are just some of the innovations that have greatly increased the complexity of financial matters over the past decades. The research field on financial education is increasingly concerned with the question of how people develop their knowledge and skills in dealing with money and which personal characteristics influence the financial behavior ultimately carried out. In order to answer this question, a theoretical model for financial socialization was set up in the first step of the present work. Based on the Structural Model of the Hierarchical Financial Socialization Processes by Shim and colleagues (2010) and the Conceptual Model of Family Financial Socialization Processes and Outcomes by Gudmunson and Danes (2011) special attention was paid to financial self-efficacy and financial behavior control. According to the literature, a mediating role between family socialization experiences in childhood and financial behavior and satisfaction in emerging adulthood is expected for both constructs. In the second step of the work, the postulated model is tested. The results of the online survey of 336 students (73% female) confirm the postulated model. People who reported more direct financial instruction from their parents rated their financial knowledge higher (β = .30), which in turn had an indirect effect on financial self-efficacy (β = .17) and on financial behavior control (β = .13 ). In addition, according to expectations, part of the indirect effect of financial behavior control on financial behavior (β = .05) and satisfaction (β = .13) was mediated by self-efficacy. According to the results of the study, personal characteristics play a crucial role as a link between the processes of financial socialization and the behavior carried out.