Symposium »Concepts of Probability in the Sciences« Mitschnitt einer Veranstaltung des Erwin Schrödinger International Institute for Mathematics and Physics (ESI) am Montag, dem 29. Oktober 2018 im Boltzmann-Hörsaal des ESI Teil 7. Udo Seifert: "Beyond the second law: Probability in stochastic thermodynamics" Kamera: Matthias Dellago Schnitt: Daniel Winkler Udo Seifert ist Professor für theoretische Physik an der Universität Stuttgart. Abstract: In a classical formulation, the second law of thermodynamics stipulates that in a spontaneous process the total entropy cannot decrease. According to a more refined understanding taking into account fluctuations, the entropy can indeed decrease, but it does so with only a small probability in repeated realizations of the process. I will describe the comprehensive, quantitative theory, often called stochastic thermodynamics, that has been developed over the last 20 years to describe such spontaneous, and also driven, processes for systems on the micro-and nano-scale. In this framework, probability distributions, both for initial conditions and for trajectories evolving from them, play a central role. The general results, like the Jarzynski relation (1997) and the fluctuation theorem for entropy production (1993-2005), will be illustrated with experimental data from colloidal particles and molecular motors. INHALT ====== Kapitel Titel Position --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Vorspann 00:00:00 2. From classical to stochastic thermodynamics 00:00:08 3. The second law 00:08:36 4. Proof of the second law. Entropy 00:16:48 5. Stochastic dynamics 00:19:35 6. Thermodynamic uncertainty relation 00:33:40

Thermodynamik, Zweiter Hauptsatz

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