Abstract (eng)
The cardioprotective effects of high density lipoprotein (HDL) are generally
attributed to reverse cholesterol transport, a process to remove excess
cholesterol from artery wall macrophages to liver for excretion into bile.
It has been proposed that HDL looses its cardioprotective ability through
oxidative modifications by reactive oxygen species or myeloperoxidase, both of
them are present in atherosclerotic lesions in vivo. One potential mechanism
generating dysfunctional HDL involves oxidative modifications of apoA-1, the
major protein of HDL.
This project aimed to characterize, whether oxidation of HDL exhibits alterations
on lipid transfer from HDL to cells and vice versa. Therefore, HDL was oxidized
or modified using copper, potassium cyanate or hypochlorite. The resulting
oxidation products were analyzed on regard lipid oxidation (TBARS assay) and
to electrophoretic mobility. We have analyzed the impact of modified HDL on
cholesterol efflux in human THP-1 macrophages, human hepato-carcinoma
cells (HepG2) and in Chinese hamster ovarian (CHO) cells over-expressing
scavenger receptor class B type 1 (ldlA7-SRBI). HOCl- and Cu2+- induced
modification of HDL resulted in a significant, time–dependent decrease in 3H-
Cholesterol efflux from HepG2 and ldlA7-SRBI cells, whereas THP-1
macrophages exhibited almost no response to modified HDL. Decreased efflux
resulted in elevated free cholesterol (FC), cholesteryl esters (CE) and total
cholesterol (TC) levels, as measured by gas chromatography. Furthermore, we
attempted to analyze, whether these effects were due to altered receptor
interaction as a result of the modifications.
Taken together we found that modified HDL negatively affects cholesterol efflux
in tissue culture cells. The generation of modified or oxidized HDL in vivo might
therefore be regarded as possibly atherogenic.