Abstract (eng)
Embedded in the project Biocultural Diversity Monitoring in the Biosphere Reserve Großes Walsertal/Vorarlberg, local veterinary medicine was investigated empirically as one focus of interest. The goal of the diploma thesis is to document the knowledge and use of homemade remedies to maintain and restore health of livestock. Additionally, religious customs and practices related to animal husbandry are explored. Qualitative data was collected by means of informal, unstructured and semistructured interviews with 28 farmers and two veterinarians, alongside participatory observation. Completed with the ethnobotanical method of freelisting, the typical homemade remedies of the region could be identified. Photographs were used to document the practical skills of local specialists. The most frequently named homemade remedies are of herbal origin, for example chamomile, masterwort and Saint John´s wort. However, a large number of other remedies, including animal, mineral and mechanical are stated by the respondents, for example Gällna and bloodletting. During religious occasions customs involve special treatment of livestock, for example the animals are fed blessed salt on Epiphany. The analysis of the sources of knowledge shows that local knowledge is transmitted between generations as well as among generations. Infrastructural and economic development has led to changes and dynamics in practical ethnoveterinary medicine. Even though homemade remedies are still in use and the knowledge is alive today, it is clearly under threat of being lost, as in other European regions like Eastern Tyrol. The present paper contributes to the documentation of practices regarding local veterinary medicine as an expression of immaterial, cultural knowledge in the region of Großes Walsertal/Vorarlberg.