Abstract (eng)
RNA-protein interactions play a key role in fundamental cellular processes in living organisms. As this type of interaction is a common regulator in pathogenic networks, it is of special interest to be investigated. A number of in vitro methods have been established to isolate RNA binding proteins. However, these in vitro approaches may result in artificial interactions that would not occur within cellular conditions. Here, the “StreptoTag” method for isolation of RNA binding proteins in vivo is presented. The StreptoTag method, a novel technique to identify RNA-protein interactions, employs in vitro transcribed RNA target sequences, which are tagged with an RNA aptamer (STag) specifically binding to streptomycin. RNA binding proteins from crude cell extracts may bind to the chromatographically immobilised target RNA and are then co-eluted by addition of streptomycin. In the presented work, the system was adapted for in vivo applications. Therefore, putative protein target STag-RNA was transiently expressed in eukaryotic cells, allowing RNA-protein interactions to occur under physiological conditions. For a proof-of-principle, we isolated the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) RNA binding protein Rev from HEK293 cells by expressing STag-RNA harbouring the Rev responsive element (RRE). Standardisation of the method included high-level target RNA synthesis in transfected cells and optimisation of binding conditions, allowing high affinity interaction of Rev with the STag-RRE-RNA. In the final step, target RNA and Rev protein were co-expressed in HEK293 cells and successfully purified by affinity chromatography. In conclusion, the established in vivo StreptoTag method may facilitate isolation and identification of currently unknown RNA binding proteins and further protein interacting factors in cellular environments.