Abstract (eng)
My PhD centred on the study of individual and social factors affecting temporal structuring of behaviours and interactions in human-cat dyads and dog social attraction to owners. Further investigations focused on human and dog behaviours and interactions as well as stress coping in different test situations in human-dog dyads. My PhD was part of two extensive studies (team research projects) of human-cat and human-dog dyads. Forty human-cat dyads were visited in their homes, on four occasions, 22 human-dog dyads were visited once at home, and twice were asked to attend in a specially adapted test room at the University of Vienna, where for example a “picture viewing” test was scheduled, where we diverted the owner’s attention away from their dog whilst it was permitted to move freely around the room. Eighteen other dog owners completed our questionnaires. Dyads were observed and video-taped throughout the meetings. Selected video-sections were coded using THE OBSERVER® and in human-cat dyads further analysed for temporal (t)-patterns using Theme®. In both studies owners were asked to complete the NEO-FFI; cat and dog personalities were extracted by PCA based on observer-rated items, and in cats also on coded behaviours. To characterize the quality of human-to-dog attachment and relationship, a set of questionnaires was used; two PCAs were performed, one with owner-dog relationship items and one with owner-dog attachment items. The results showed that temporal patterning of behaviours and interactions exists in human-cat dyads and that both, owner and cat features affect the number and complexity of t-patterns, especially owner and cat personality, owner gender, and age of the cat. Human attachment to dog, the quality of human-dog relationship, owner gender and personality of both owner and dog, all influence dogs´ social attraction to their owners. These findings are relevant for a better understanding of human-animal relationships and interactions.