Abstract (eng)
The working world, as it currently presents itself, is characterised by tension and turmoil: new forms of employment have developed, and a particularly striking phenomenon in this regard is the trend towards one-person companies. Not all workers voluntarily switch to such a form of employment, since in many cases their social and labour protection is less than it would have been in more traditional forms of employment. Many changes in the workplace and in forms of employment are happening in the course of company transitions and thus are a sign of fundamental alterations in the economy.
A key challenge of our time is to create security and stability during these changes. Generally speaking, legislators, social partners and stakeholders develop ‘top-down’ approaches in order to coordinate economic interests with those of society.
There are, however, approaches that go in a different direction. In 1995, economist and philosopher Bert Hamminga developed a thought experiment for a self-organized redistribution of work by the labour force, which is essentially a ‘bottom-up’ model; labour rights (work-entitlement certificates) are distributed to all people who are able to work, according to the available number of jobs. In order to start a job, one needs a certain number of labour rights. If an individual is issued fewer labour rights than are necessary for starting a job, the remaining labour rights must be acquired through a trading system from other people capable of working.
In implementing such a model, one must consider two basic questions: to what extent is the new system fair(er)? And, why should people cooperate? These questions shall be discussed in this diploma thesis.