Abstract (eng)
In recent years, much progress has been made in the field of mental toughness research. Today most researchers can agree on a common base when defining mental toughness, but there are still some conceptual ambiguities and inconsistent operationalizations. The purpose of this study was to shed some light on differences and similarities between mental toughness questionnaires, namely the MTQ48, the SMTQ, and the TROSCI. The concept of mental toughness was explored in the context of performance in judo. In addition, 2D:4D digit ratio, a putative marker of prenatal testosterone, and hand-grip strength, which are both presumed to be related to sports performance, were investigated. Self-reported aggression was also included in this study, as this personality trait might be especially martial arts-related. Data were collected from a sample of 140 Austrian judo athletes. The psychometric quality of the three mental toughness questionnaires, which was assessed with factor analysis, seems to require further development and modification. The questionnaires and subscales need revision to improve their convergent and discriminant validity. Mental toughness showed a significant relation to judo experience and both variables were strongly and negatively correlated with aggression. 2D:4D was unrelated to any of the examined variables, except for BMI. Hand-grip strength displayed a negative relationship with aggression and some relation to training intensity. A dominance analysis model predicting sporting success indicated that following experience and training, mental toughness and self-esteem are the most important variables with hand-grip strength being the third most important factor.