Abstract (eng)
Between 1966 and 2003, the year of his death, New York-based artist Fred Sandback created „sculptures“ from metal wire, elastic cord and acrylic yarn levitating on the verge of invisibility and yet possessing a palpable materiality. Sandback had very early on formulated a linear, geometrical vocabulary of forms, to which he should remain faithful throughout his career. The impressive variety of his sculpture and its surprising monumentality stand in paradox contrast to the artist’s reduced repertoire of forms and the paucity of material employed. Sandback’s work, which oscillates between immateriality and “objecthood,” rescinded traditional (European) axioms of sculpture. Historically and artistically it is positioned in the ambit of minimal art, contextually in the vicinity of the phenomenology of perception and Gestalttheorie.
This thesis presents a typology of Fred Sandback’s work, which traces a passage from the disembodied object to pure line and a shift towards a heightened preoccupation with space (a journey from space to plane to line and back to space, essentially). It then reflects upon the Sandback’s work in relationship with the tradition of sculpture, traces the artist’s specific phenomenology of space, discusses the connection of his work with contemporary scientific discourses, and attempts to uncover affinities with current cultural and critical theory. Stepping beyond the prevalent epithet associated with Sandback’s work, namely the use of minimal means towards maximal perceptual effect, the present thesis examines its more profound characteristics: The employment of space as material for sculpture; the afocal positioning and the unitary nature of the sculptures; the exploration of the difference between fact and physical effect of an artistic spatial disposition; and his particular strategy to disprove the necessity of a generative core (R. Krauss) dictating the (superficial) form of sculpture by means of creations that lack material density, mass or surface.
The study of the historical environment and the cultural and scientific context, the analysis of the formal and structural characteristics of Sandback’s work and its juxtaposition with a rich tradition and contemporary production of sculpture focussing on
the line shall provide evidence of a unique and tenable artistic practice and present a historical body of work, which, despite its homogeneity seems neither redundant nor obsolete, but on the contrary attracts increasing practical and critical interest.
Such interest is not only due to the appreciation of the singularity of Sandback’s work, but also to the captivating contradiction between the intensity of the experience when encountering his ingressions into space and the economy of his material positing, as well as to his ambivalent artistic legacy which wants to perpetuate an oeuvre initially conceived as ephemeral and temporary and that allows for expansive room of interpretation in reconstruction. A final focus is thus placed on a problematic shift in the intrinsic qualities of Sandback’s work, which becomes apparent in curated reconstructions after his death and which seems to be at variance with a body of work guided by the artist’s intuition and originally intended to be radically transient.