Abstract (eng)
The diploma thesis focuses on Friedrich Wilhelm Foerster (1869-1966), an
unfortunately almost forgotten educator. His time was characterized by an increasing
globalization of the economy, by secularization and above all by the impact of the two
World Wars. Throughout these decades, Foerster attempted to give impulses for a
new theory of education, which was characterized by a renewed interest in viewing
man as a unified whole. At the same time, Foerster always championed an education
towards peace. In addition, he constantly tried to support all of his educational ideas
with arguments inspired by Christian belief. In this matter, Foerster’s point of
departure was a Christian image of order, in which everything had its proper place
assigned by God.
Foerster’s work is multi-faceted. As he tries to think of men in all their aspects,
his thinking as an educator is consequently also very manifold. That means that one
cannot identify “the” theory of education of Foerster. Nevertheless, this diploma thesis
attempts to introduce the reader to his educational concerns: based on recurring
elements and with the aid of insights gained from secondary literature, his
methodology, as well as the most important goals and levels of his theory of education
will be elaborated. Probably the most important component of his theory is character
building.
Based on these preliminary results, eight of his monographs as well as one
transcribed lecture are analyzed regarding aspects of peace education. It has turned
out that Foerster’s theory of education already had peace as its ultimate goal in his
early works composed near the turn of the 20th century. However, his efforts towards
this goal were voiced more and more explicitly with time.
Peace education can take place on several levels for Foerster: on a personal or
individual level, concerning peace with one’s fellow human beings, peace between the
nations and peace with God. Peace efforts on all these levels are important and
necessary, but ‘eternal’ peace or world peace is, in his opinion, ultimately and only
possible if all humankind makes peace with God.