Abstract (eng)
„Your Theatre Was Magnetic“ is the first comprehensive academic study of the Viennese theatre Schauspielhaus under the direction of Hanns Gratzer (1941-2005). He founded the theatre in 1978, and reigned over the house in Porzellangasse, in the city’s ninth district, until 2001, with only a brief four year intermission in-between. At times, the theatre, which can accomodate an audience up to 200 people, put everything else in its shadow, and established itself as an important centre for contemporary theatre, surrounded by the traditionally rather conservative Viennese theatre landscape. Despite financial constraints, the theatre became recognised for its exceptional productions and the Schauspielhaus and its director were introduced to a wider public beyond Austria’s borders. Critics and supporters agree that Gratzer had a special talent for recognising the full potential of his colleagues and staff. The charismatic artist had a way of gathering people around him, and of stimulating their creativity in order to achieve extraordinary results.
On the other hand, at times, the actors on stage outnumbered the spectators in the pit. The first part of this thesis chronicles these events, and looks at the theatre’s ups and downs.
With Gratzer’s almost infallible sense of Zeitgeist, the Schauspielhaus could be seen as a convex mirror for the transformation of late 20th century theatre. Three aspects are analysed in greater detail in the second part. Hans Gratzer initially became known for his productions of classical plays, amongst which were four productions of Shakespeare plays. In the first phase of the Schauspielhaus between 1978 – 1986, Gratzer used stylistic devices propagated by the new Regietheater. While a lively debate critical debate on Regietheater versus Werktreue took place in German broadsheets, Viennese theatres remained largely untouched by this new way of directing. The Schauspielhaus closed this gap and convincingly established itself as a place for contemporary theatre.The seismic shifts that changed form and content of scenic writing are illustrated by discussing examples of Elfriede Jelinek’s, Peter Handke’s and Werner Schwab’s work. Finally, this thesis will show how Gratzer handled the subject of homosexuality in his stage productions. While the Schauspielhaus did not have an explicit agenda to debate homosexuality, it was the only Viennese theatre that repeadedly confronted its audience with Aids, particularly in a hugely succesful production of Tony Kushner’s monumental Aids Epos Angels in America.
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This thesis draws on a range of sources including newspaper articles and reviews, programme notes, documents from the archive of the Schauspielhaus, and oral history interviews. What emerges is the picture of an astonishingly adventurous theatre and the image of an extraordinary artist.