Abstract (eng)
According to the latest results of the Austrian nutrition report one out of five Austrian girls and a quarter of all Austrian boys aged 7 – 14 years are over-weight. Of them, six percent of girls and nine percent of boys are obese. Over-weight, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, tobacco and alcohol consump-tion, physical inactivity and low fruit and vegetable intake are the major risk fac-tors for diseases such as ischemic heart diseases, depressions, cerebrovascu-lar diseases, alcohol abuse, chronic pulmonary diseases, lung cancer and death in further consequence. Therefore, a balanced and healthy diet is inevi-table for human health and well-being.
Especially for toddlers and children a variety of foods is offered. While the food products for toddlers are regulated by law, the food products for children aren´t legally protected or governed by legal definition. According to a current WHO report and to Austrian and German product data surveys, the main products offered to children are sweets (e. g. cookies, confectionary), soft drinks, high sugar cereals, ready-to-eat meals and fast food products, with a high content of fat, sugar and/or salt.
An elicitation of products and specific product information, like energy content, the content of macro- and micronutrients, declared information to the guideline daily amounts and recommended daily allowances, was made in various food stores in order to get an overview of the Austrian food products offered to young people. The surveyed products were categorized into hypercategories and subcategories assigned to toddler products and children products. In addi-tion to the categorization and statistical evaluation of the data, a nutritional as-sessment and the shelf height in which the products were offered in the shops were analyzed. The results provide information whether the products for tod-dlers and children are offered in an adequate body height.
The outcomes of this work confirm that children are mainly offered sweets (e. g. fruit gums, chocolate products), sweet confectionaries (croissants, muffins, cakes), soft drinks and cereal products (e. g. high sugar cereals, breadsticks, chips). The products for toddlers encompassed primarily ready-to-eat meals (38 %), followed by sweets (fruit and/or cereal bar, biscuits) (21 %), milk and milk products (18 %).
Fruits and cereal products as well as beverages made up the smallest part of the food products. The products assigned to the hypercategories and subcate-gories showed differences in the energy content as well as in the content of all macronutrients. Belonging to the menu category, the products showed a high omega-3 and omega-6 acids content, due to the contained vegetable oils, mainly canola oil and sunflower oil. 59 % of the milk and milk products were the so called young-child formulas and 36 % various yoghurts, which both contained a variety of vitamins.
The main evaluated food products for children were sweets and pastries (66 %), followed by beverages (11 %) and cereal products (10 %). Sweets and pas-tries contained a high sugar and/or fat content and also the beverages showed a high sugar content. In addition, the evaluated beverages declared many vit-amins. The main cereal products were composed of the sugary cereals and of the fatty snacks (e. g. chips). The lower amount of the evaluated food products for children foodstuffs were milk and milk products (7 %), convenience prod-ucts (5 %) together with fruits and nutritional supplements (< 1%).
Summing up, both, toddler and children products declared many vitamins and minerals so that a regular and frequent consumption could lead to an in-creased and uncontrolled intake of some nutrients. The results of the product disposal in the shop shelves showed that the products for toddlers and chil-dren were offered in an adequate body height.
A healthy and well-balanced diet with a variety of food products by birth is of vital importance as childhood diseases and harmful lifestyle factors in the early years can affect health throughout life.