Abstract (eng)
Following the on-going disputes over the cultivation proposal of GM 1507 maize in the European Union, this paper aims to investigate how a small EU Member State, Austria, succeeded in unequivocally announcing the decision to firmly keep the maize out of its territory. Combining interviews and document analysis as main research methods, the focus of this research is to explore how the precautionary principle, Austria’s guiding policy in dealing with GM matters, is understood by Austria’s major stakeholders in this case; and how their different understandings, namely, scientific understanding, economic-political understanding and normative social-critical understanding of the precautionary principle are flexibly mobilized by the stakeholders so as to form valid arguments that buttress their anti-1507 maize stance. Besides the precautionary tool, I argue that a set of sociotechnical imaginaries and a national technopolitical identity in Austria, which have been established collectively through the making of a remarkable anti-GMO culture, may have profound influence on the nation’s position in the 1507 maize case. In a word, a national decision of keeping GM 1507 maize out of Austria is not only justified by scientific rationales, but also arises from the nation’s “anti-GMO” culture and its “GREEN” identity. In this view, I would argue that Austria expands the scope of risk in the GM regulation, thus blurring the boundaries between science, politics and values. This “blurring of boundaries” pleads for a move from “risk governance” to “innovation governance” in societies’ handlings of risk technologies.