Abstract (eng)
In January 1991 Somali Democratic Republic collapsed after a widespread civil war broke out throughout the country. Since 1991, Somalia lacked a central and functioning government and as a consequence, humanitarian tragedies, prolonged conflict and rise of religious fundamentalists threatened not only Somalia, but also regional and international communities. Thus, this study focuses on the attempts made by both regional and international community to solve the Somali political crises. It emphasizes the knowledge about the cause, history and nature of Somali crises as well as and regional and international peace efforts destined to bring back peace and security to the country. Although, the Somali crises is complex, and fifteen-peace process had failed to find peaceful resolution, the study concludes and pointes out such failure of international community’s involvement in Somalia can be attributed to the use of top-down approach of conflict resolution, which legitimized warlords and undermined the specific Somali traditional and social methods of crises mediation. Furthermore, members of IGAD regional organization particularly frontline countries introduced and secured their national interest in the peace process by bargaining the result of the reconciliation efforts based on their national interest.