Abstract (eng)
The knowledge about phytohormones and their transport is growing steadily and there is a need for an understanding of the molecular basis of substrate and inhibitor interaction. The class of strigolactones is one of the current centers of attention. They have several roles as stimulation and recognition signals in plants, but the knowledge about their regulating function in shoot branching is quite new. In 2012, the ABC transporter PDR1 in Petunia hybrida (PhPDR1) was identified as a strigolactone transporter. The PDR proteins belong to the ABCG family, which exhibits a reverse topology to the other ABC members.
The scientific aim of this project is to elucidate the molecular 3D structure of PhPDR1. At first, we performed a comprehensive investigation to define the transmembrane domains, their containing helices and their locations, which was a challenging task according to the little information yet known. We combined the results extracted from prediction tools, multiple sequence alignments and information from literature to draw the determining conclusions.
The final choice of the template was based on a multiple sequence alignment with the potential templates, including crystallized ABC transporters reported in the PDB and the high-quality, reliably validated homology model of PDR5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The latter was already used as a template to model the 3D structure of Cdr1 in Candida albicans. PDR5 shows the highest sequence identity percentage and thus was chosen as template for further comparative modelling steps.
We created the homology models with the modeller software and took the decision for a final model based on the assessment methods (molpdf, DOPE, GA341) and by careful analysis of Ramachandran plots and G-factors provided by PDBsum.
In the validation process, we examined the polar residues of the transmembrane helices and the electrostatic potentials of the model to characterize the translocation chamber.
Finally, we conducted a small docking study, where we docked the strigolactone orobanchol (which is evidently transported by PhPDR1) into our model and clustered the results into several groups. This led to first ideas of binding poses and amino acids which could be involved in the binding mode.