Abstract (eng)
The purpose of this thesis is to provide a risk analysis for the Sino-Japanese relationship in the 21st century. While Japan and the People’s Republic of China continuously vie for ownership of the disputed Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands in the East China Sea, protest and confrontations have increased in severity during the last decade and bilateral relations have deteriorated.
Therefore, this research aims at analyzing the changes in the military-strategic position of both nations over the course of the new millennium, at examining potential developments towards conflict and at assessing the current risk of escalation. Furthermore, the main drivers of, and biggest influences on, the military-strategic development are determined in order to identify the main threats for stability. This thesis utilizes the Steps to War theory as a main theoretical framework, according to which, territorial disputes, alliances, rivalry, arms races and hardliner in power are the five major factors that lead to war-onset. Each factor is discussed individually to provide the necessary background, and then the five steps are examined in regard to both nations, in order to find a definitive answer on whether these steps are currently in place or not.
The analysis of the Steps to War shows a medium to high risk of escalation. Three out of five steps, territorial dispute, alliances and rivalry, are confirmed by the research. It is show that there is currently no arms race between both nations, and the fifth step, hardliners in power remains inconclusive. The analysis of the Steps to War shows a medium to high risk of escalation. Three out of five steps, territorial dispute, alliances and rivalry, are confirmed by the research. It is show that there is currently no arms race between both nations, and the fifth step, hardliners in power remains inconclusive. These findings help pinpoint potential future catalysts, such as an increase in hardliner-behavior and alliance-building, as well as identify the drivers of the East China Sea Dispute and illustrate its slow intensification and militarization. However, the findings also put military build-ups into perspective, showing that they mostly are routine modernization to adapt to the current security environment.