Abstract (eng)
Inflammatory responses are indispensable physiological processes involved in the defense mechanism
of an organism. These processes are characterized by a complex interplay of different types of immune
cells with an underlying network of intersecting signaling pathways. Mass spectrometry-based
proteomics analysis was applied in order to investigate cellular processes during inflammatory
stimulation as well as in response to therapeutic interventions. As a highly relevant in vitro model
system, primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were chosen, which were
inflammatory stimulated using lipopolysaccharide and phytoheamagglutinin. Furthermore, cells were
treated with dexamethasone and the synthetic cannabinoid CP47,497-C8, respectively. The treatment
of inflammatory activated PBMCs with dexamethasone was performed to obtain insight into antiinflammatory
mechanisms induced by drug treatment and to investigate its potency to suppress proinflammatory
cellular activities. In contrast, the assessment of CP47,497-C8-treated quiescent PBMCs
demonstrated the power of this analysis strategy to disclose inflammation-related processes
independent of a classical inflammatory stimulus. Cellular samples were fractionated into supernatant,
cytoplasmic and nuclear protein fractions and subsequently enzymatically digested. Comprehensive
proteome profiles were then generated using a high resolution QExactive orbitrap mass spectrometer
and label-free quantitative data analysis was performed using MaxQuant.
Comparative proteome profiling of quiescent and inflammatory activated PBMCs revealed the
identification of 85501 peptides compiled to 6886 proteins. Thereof, 469 proteins were significantly
regulated upon inflammatory activation including the classical inflammatory mediators IL-1β, IL-6,
CXCL2 and GROα. Furthermore, it was clearly demonstrated that dexamethasone is unable to
counter-regulate all inflammation-induced proteins. Based on the high data density, the entire c-JUN,
ERK5 and NF-κB signaling cascade was mapped in a semi-quantitative fashion. Furthermore, 2731
phosphopeptides derived from 991 proteins were identified in a highly confident fashion. Due to the
efficient subcellular fractionation it was further possible to assess inflammation-related nuclear
translocation of proteins, for example of histone-modifying proteins and transcription factors. In
conclusion, this thesis demonstrates the power of mass spectrometry-based proteomics regarding not
only the identification of proteins, but also the assessment of protein regulations, post-translational
modifications and nuclear translocation events in order to comprehensively characterize the complex
molecular processes during inflammation.