Abstract (eng)
The purpose of this Master thesis is to investigate real life data of group decision-making in organisations in order to get a comprehensive understanding of how and why group decision-making is part of daily business in almost every company.
By means of desk research, four major constructs of group decision-making (de-cision task, group characteristics, decision process, outcome) were identified and elab-orately depicted. To this end, relevant case studies concerning the aforementioned as-pects of group decision-making in organisations were selected. Based on the insights gained from the desk research and case studies, the questionnaire for the empirical field study was developed. Twenty five semi-structured interviews were conducted with executives from organisations from various industries in Vienna. The results indicate that group decision-making occurs in different organisations for several decision tasks (investment-, organisational policy-, M&A-, other departmental or cross-departmental decisions, etc.). Managers seek to collect knowledge distributed, exploit know-how and new perspectives of his/her employees and peers in order to make appropriate deci-sions. Decisive benefits of group decisions are better decision implementation, com-mitment and support of group members and decision quality.
The group leader has major influence on how group decision-making is per-formed in organisations. He/she is the supervisor in developing group norms, in man-aging information collection, in chairing meetings and in choosing final decision-making procedure how the group arrives at final solutions. Basically, six group mem-bers are involved in final decision-making, ranging from three to fourteen people. The driving force for the distribution of decision power seems to be expertise, knowledge and experience of group members. Hierarchical factors can be neglected. When con-sidering more options for final solutions, the decision-making entity involves three al-ternatives. The number of informal and formal meetings varies between one to five meetings and depends on the factors deadline and complexity of the decision task. In most cases, groups try to come up with total consensus via discussion. Although group members of executive boards have voting rights, this entity follows collective decision-making on the basis of consensus. However in executive boards, voting procedures appear to be more likely than in the case of other decision-making bodies.