Abstract (eng)
Mycotoxins are substances of low molecular weight and are synthesized by moulds as secondary metabolites. Thus they can be classified as natural contaminants and infest food and feed under proper conditions. Related to their chemical attributes they show a wide range of toxicological mode of action, whereas a chronic intake of these compounds can lead to massive organ damages. Furthermore, even a low intake of several substances can cause an acute life‐threatening situation and promote the pathogenesis of cancer.
Based on the health hazards originating from these toxins, the European Commission draft an order to regulate these compounds with maximum levels in relevant food matrices in 2006. A continuous risk‐related evaluation of these substances is one of the main tasks of national and international authorities in the section of food safety.
Thus, one of the targets of laboratories specialized on food analysis should be a regular development of methods for the determination of these compounds in food and feed. Hereby the spectrum of active reagents should be adjusted on the current existing regulation from the Commission. It is further important to verify the reliability of such multi‐methods by continuous validations and control of the quality by participating on proficiency tests or comparative studies.
For a successful validation of these analytes in different matrices, the passing of individual performance criteria is essential. Preliminary trials should be therefore conducted to optimise all analytical method‐parameters to ensure a fast, precise and rugged method. In this work 57 % of regulated substances reached their specific performance criteria and are thus successfully validated for the corresponding matrix.
A positive validation of difficult food matrices like coffee, spices or food supplements as well as a safe analytical determination of complex analytes like fumonisins, or patulin should be made through special individual clean‐up steps to ensure consumers health.