Abstract (eng)
The content of two Zionist weekly newspapers in Austria and Germany during the war between 1914 and 1918 was in part analyzed. The beginning of the Great War is characterized by the loyalty to the Emperor, the patriotism and the initial war enthusiasm. The war between the Austrian- Hungarian Empire and Russia had significant adverse consequences for the mainly jewish population in Galicia. The resulting wave of refugees to the west, mainly Vienna, caused majors problems, a solution for the so-called problem of the East European Jews was required. During the war the jewish civil population and the jewish soldiers were confronted with growing anti-Semitism in countries of the Entente and the Central Powers and pogroms against Jews in Poland, Russia and Romania. The fates of several jewish soldiers out of thousands fighting for Germany and the Austrian-Hungarian Empire mentioned in both Zionist newspapers were described as examples for the dedication to their country. The chapter about Palestine as a sideshow of the Great War shows the situation under Turkish rule, the consequences of the war for the civilians, the formation of the Zion Mule Corps and the development of a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine under British rule after the Balfour Declaration in 1917. The end of the war brings the victory of the Entente, the breakup of the Central powers, but also the claims for the recognition of the Jewish people as a nation.