Abstract (eng)
This doctoral thesis investigates the relevance of water in classical Indian medicine by way of examining three specific topic areas. These areas, namely, nature and climate, water in the human body, and dietary and medical practice, are discussed in the three main parts of the thesis. They are preceded by an introduction which presents the general subject, describes the current state of research, and discusses questions concerning the primary sources and methodology. The introduction also summarizes the results of the investigations. The main sources for this study are the five most important compendia of medical literature written in Sanskrit and belonging to the classical period: the Carakasaṃhitā, the Suśrutasaṃhitā, the Bhelasaṃhitā, the Aṣṭāṅgasaṃgraha and the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā. In addition, the extant commentaries on these works were considered. Depending on the topic further relevant puranic, epic and scientific literature was consulted, occasionally also Sanskrit poetry.
The first topic area, nature and climate, comprises of the seasons (especially the rainy season) as well as the typology of water and bodies of water. Both the natural environment and the climate are relevant in medicine predominantly in connection with dietetics and prescriptions for a healthy lifestyle that prevents diseases, but they are also understood to have an impact on specific medical applications, for example seasonal therapies. The second topic area, water in the human body, is not restricted to concepts about water as such, but also comprises the other bodily fluids. The concept of the five gross elements (water, fire, wind, earth and space/ether) and similiar concepts that occur in the examined works are discussed here in a separate chapter. Finally, the topic area of dietary and medical practice concerns the relevance of water in diet, purificatory practices (in hygienic as well as ritual terms) and medical therapy.
The appendix contains large theamtic tables, that were too bulky for inclusion in the relevant parts of the book. It also contains several graphics meant to facilitate understanding of the complex relationships within the models of the seasons, the typology of water and the notions about the metabolism. Furthermore, the appendix comprises indices of the considered passages in the primary sources and of the plants mentioned in the thesis (listing the Sanskrit plant names and the current scientific names), as well as the bibliography.