Abstract (eng)
This diploma thesis examines various influences on the representation of African-Americans in Hollywood films of the 1930s to the 1950s. The main research question is to what extent the lives of the filmmakers, censors, and social and political events influenced the portrayal of African Americans. In order to exemplify the changes in their representation, this thesis will take a look at three films in particular, namely Fury (1936), No Way Out (1950), and Carmen Jones (1954) and will insert these analyses into a broader historical context.
One main aspect of this diploma thesis is the examination of the lives of the filmmakers and the illustration of parallels between the actual experiences of Fritz Lang, Sidney Poitier, Joseph L. Maniewicz, and Otto Preminger and their visual representations in the films. Furthermore, the Production Code and the production studio system had great influence on what was allowed to be shown on the silver screen in the 1930s and 1940s. Moreover, the question of the impact of historical events are of great importance to this thesis. The analyzed films reflect certain sociopolitical events which effected mainly African-Americans, such as lynchings, race riots, and the second great migration. Finally, the distribution of roles for African-American actors and actresses and the utilization of stereotypical elements, such as Jazz or the depiction of African-American characters as “Mammy” or “Sambo”, are examined.