Abstract (eng)
This paper describes the connection between mathematics, geometric figures in particular, and art. Starting with the most simple forms “point” and “line” the first chapter shows the easiest ways to draw shapes with compass and straightedge. By doing so, it can be seen that these forms can be used to create more complex forms.
Subsequently, triangle, rectangle and polygon are discussed by using their mathematical characteristics. This should illustrate the connection between the figures.
Furthermore, in chapter 2 the figures will be discussed in the three-dimensional room. First, we will look at general figures, like the polyhedron, and eventually deal with the Archimedean and Platonic solids. In Addition, we will look at the complexity of these figures.
In preparation for the next part, chapter 3 includes the most important aspect for regarding illustrations in mathematics: similarity. This part includes uniform scaling, intercept theorems, the central projection and the orthogonal projection. With these operations the appearance of the shape can be changed in a special way.
In a final step the focus is on the connection between art and geometric forms. First, a historical insight should help to understand the context. Then, geometry itself as a theme in art will be discussed with the focus on art of the 20th century. The aim of this paper is not only to illustrate how geometric shapes are used in art, but rather to show the connection and relation between mathematics and art.