Abstract (eng)
The communication on and via social media has long since become an integral part of our everyday lives. The constant emergence of new digital communication platforms lets users move from one medium to the next and forces companies to open up new channels in order to reach the desired target groups with their messages. The dissemination of media innovations justifies the research interest of this work. The subject of this study is the mobile app Snapchat, which has been available since 2011 and is particularly popular with 11 to 24-year-olds. The instant messenger is characterized, above all, by the intimacy and the transience of its contents. In addition to writing short messages, photos or short videos (maximum 10 seconds) are published in so-called stories. The contents are arranged chronically in their creation and are only available 24 hours. Snapchat has created a completely new way of communicating. Unlike other social networks, there is no personal profile, no visible friend list and no comment function. Moreover, there is only a limited search function and other users can only be found by knowing the exact user name. This poses completely different challenges to companies. The aim of this thesis is to find out why companies include Snapchat in their communication portfolio and why not and how the integration process of the app is handled within companies. For this purpose, companies were asked about their innovation decision-making process regarding Snapchat based on the technological acceptance model and usage and diffusion research. A total of 17 experts from Austria, Germany and Switzerland were consulted for the study by means of expert interviews and open questionnaires. The sample consists of Snapchat users as well as Snapchat dropouts and non-users. The answers were evaluated using qualitative content analysis.
The results show that the model of the innovation-decision process can basically be applied to the adoption of a media innovation such as Snapchat, in practice, however, the five phases (knowledge, opinion-forming, decision, implementation, confirmation) partially run in parallel. For the users and dropouts consulted in the survey, the decision to implement Snapchat as a communication channel was for the most part not based on strategic decisions, but primarily arose as a result of individual use or through interest on the part of HERO employees in the context of corporate communication. The non-use or interruption of Snapchat is mainly due to a lack of time or financial resources as well as the inappropriate target group. Companies will still have to analyze the latter as well as new media innovations.