Abstract (eng)
This dissertation carries the title: “The Argument between the Traditional – Timorese and the Catholic Concept of Sacrifice”. It deals with the understanding of traditional sacrifice and the one of the Christian faith. This is a very prevailing topic in the lived faith of Christians in Timor and the entire Eastern Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, and even represents the greatest challenge in the pastoral work of the local Church. The treatment of this topic starts from the concrete understanding and the practice of the ritual of sacrifice Hakserak among the ethnicity of the Tetunese people in Timor and aims at the interpretation of that sacrifice in biblical and Christian theology. As a further step, resulting from the above, it considers the nature of action necessary for the local Church. In the course of all this, the principles, respectively the theories, of contextual theology will be employed. Therefore, the subtitle of this dissertation reads: “A Contextual Theological Examination at the Example of the Argument about the Traditional Rite of Sacrifice Hakserak in the Pastoral Work among the Ethnicity of the Tetunese people in Timor, Indonesia.” The results of this work may be summed up under the following points:
Firstly, the topicality of the issue, i.e. the argument of traditional sacrifice in the lived faith of Christians in Timor, is confirmed by the interviews as well as by the study of the relevant literature. Hence, it is quite timely to take note of this issue and deal with it in a scientific way.
Secondly, in the survey, a closer look is taken at the concrete situation of pastoral work in Timor and at its actual challenges. At this time, the local Church is ever engaged with the topic of Inculturation of the Christian faith into the culture of the natives. In the course of that, she takes the fact of the coexistence of traditional und Catholic rituals of faith seriously. The concept of sacrifice brings the current argument to the fore.
Thirdly, despite of the remaining divergences between the Catholic and the traditional Timorese understanding of sacrifice, it is possible to interpret the argument of the traditional concept of sacrifice in biblical and theological terms and, in view of them, to formulate the need for action. In interpreting the different concepts, the theories and models of contextual theology are employed, and these offer the following basic principle: Encouragement towards conversion – in the sense of re-thinking and renewal as regards the concept of sacrifice. The following topics are included in these interpretations: “Metaphorizing” of sacrifice; “Wrong/inadequate” thinking about sacrifice; Readiness for commitment as a bridge between the traditional sacrifice and the sacrifice of Christ; Rethinking of the notions of God and of Humans; The traditional sacrificial meal in the light of the characteristics of the Eucharist understood as a meal, and the traditional sacrifice in the light of the mystery in the Christian cult.
Fourthly, the formulated need for action for the local Church can only be carried out in a spirit of openness for conversion und re-thinking. The need for action includes the intensification of the “Prophetic Dialogue” and of contextual pastoral work as well as improvement in the training and formation of pastoral personnel and the cooperation with lay people.
The results of this dissertation should help to make further steps in the development of a “local or contextual Theology and Christology” as regards the concept of sacrifice, and serve the inculturation of the Christian faith.