Abstract (eng)
If you want to break down this work to a – indeed abridging – message, it would probably be this: the implementation of spaceflight programmes, and especially of manned, explorative spaceflight, requires much more than overcoming challenges of purely technological nature. That is because, just like any other technology, spaceflight is deeply intertwined with socio-political and socio-cultural processes. Extensively analysing the US-American narratives activated in US-American spaceflight politics, this study examines just this inherent entanglement of the social with the technical. The conceptual starting point is the idea of the sociotechnical imaginary (see Jasanoff & Kim, 2015), which enables one to examine the narrative embedding of technology in social contexts. This work also builds on additional literature taken from the American as well as the postcolonial studies.
In the analysis of five talks delivered by five different American presidents, I basically identify primarily nationally oriented narratives, within which the existence of one very specific and timeless US American culture is being assumed, oftentimes nourished by American myths and folklore. The analysis shines a light on how these narratives over decades stay quite congruent. Over the time span the study covers, we can see how the institutionally communicated version of “the” US culture serves as qualitative foundation for US politics. The narrative footing, constituted by unity, exceptionality, history, destiny, hierarchy, and trajectory, allows political actors to use emotion in order to rationalise, legitimise, over time naturalise and ultimately render their actions/spaceflight an inevitable end in itself. Or, as the title already suggests: since NASA was founded, the sociocultural and narrative resources of American presidents make (explorative) spaceflight appear in a way, that it seems like the United States of America owe Christopher Columbus a mission to Mars.