Abstract (eng)
With a highly simplified system of differential equations, the Lorenz system, Edward Norton Lorenz described the behaviour of our weather in 1963. However, numerical solutions of this seemingly simple system proved to be anything but simple and generated broad interest. The following diploma thesis contains a mathematical analysis of the so-called Lorenz attractor, with which a detailed description of the system will be given. After a brief overview of the history of the Lorenz system, the thesis discusses simple properties, the nonperiodic behaviour, the dissipation, and the boundedness of the system. The particular, complex form of the solutions, which allow us to speak of an "attractor" or even a "strange attractor", is shown. Several examples of bifurcations are given. After a definition of chaos, the chaotic behaviour of the system is analysed. Results of the mathematical analysis are examined with regard to the weather and the weather prediction. An excursion into school introduces possibilities of how the Lorenz system could be discussed in mathematics lessons.