Abstract (eng)
How do adolescents form their political opinion? And how important are traditional or social media? This qualitative study deals with the broad subject of adolescents, politics and media. The research interest is based on the high significance of the media in the everyday life of adolescents. Research shows that young people are increasingly using social media as a source of information, and that they only consume traditional media (e.g. newspapers) when they are conveniently available. The election of the European Parliament in May 2019 forms one important framework of this Thesis. Also, because of its high media presence, the "Ibiza Scandal" is being discussed shortly. The literature and theory overview deals with the complex processes of political opinion and identity formation. An important theoretical part of this thesis is the socialization theory and the role of media in adolescent socialization. Due to the research interest of this Masters-Thesis, a greater focus is being placed on the socialization agent media. The current state of research deals more closely with the media usage of young people. Media literacy in times of social media as well as the role of Web 2.0 in democracy are being discussed. Topics that concern young people and politics in general, such as political education, political interest, participation or the European Union, are also part of this study. The empirical part of the Masters-Thesis centers around the leading research question "How do adolescents of voting age inform themselves about political issues?". To answer these, a qualitative approach which focus groups was selected. In total, 33 teenagers between the ages of 16 and 19 years were interviewed in seven groups. The transcripts from the focus discussions were evaluated by a structured content analysis according to Kuckartz.
Although adolescents are sometimes described as "politically apathetic", the discussions with the young voters revealed that they are in fact politically interested. Although social media has a great relevance to them in their everyday lives, teenagers are resorting to traditional media, especially when it ́s regarding political issues. Among other things, popular sources of information are television discussions, panel discussions offered by their schools as well as their parents. In conclusion, the socialization agents – which have been discussed in the literature review – play an important role in the process of forming opinions among adolescents.