Abstract (eng)
The Calcium-Sensing Receptor (CaSR) is a multifunctional G-protein coupled receptor. It can be activated by various ligands, leading to different cellular responses (ligand-biased signaling). The role of the CaSR in intestinal inflammation is still unclear. Recent studies in our group suggested a pro-inflammatory effect of CaSR agonists (calcimimetics). In my master thesis, I wanted to prove the CaSR as point of origin for this inflammatory response and to elucidate whether the pro-inflammatory prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathway is affected through the CaSR.
I treated colon cancer cells with CaSR-specific and -unspecific enantiomers of a calcimimetic and a calcilytic (negative CaSR-modulator). Only the CaSR-selective binding enantiomer of the calcimimetic increased expression of inflammatory markers and of certain PGE2 pathway member genes, confirming the CaSR as the point of origin for this inflammatory response. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) was found to be a major target of the CaSR induced pro-inflammatory response.
Further, I found that among all tested ligands only spermine increased the inflammatory gene expression, underlining the ligand-biased characteristic of the CaSR.
Finally, I transfected CaSR mutants in HT29 cells, an in vitro model which can be used to study the influence of CaSR-mutants on the gene response in the future.
In summary, I found that the pro-inflammatory effect induced by calcimimetics in colon cancer cells is mediated via the CaSR and influences the PGE2 pathway. The findings of my master thesis thus provide further important clues for our understanding of the pro-inflammatory role of the CaSR in colon cancer cells and beyond.