Abstract (eng)
The meadow and steppe plant Artemisia laciniata, which is critically endangered in Austria and the European Union, occurs in Europe with only one last population in the National Park Neusiedler See – Seewinkel in Burgenland, Austria. This master thesis is written as part of the rural development project „Erhaltung von Artemisia laciniata in den Zitzmannsdorfer Wiesen“. The main goal of this project is the preservation, strengthening and development of a viable wild population. For this purpose, the wild population was recorded and located, the monitoring of the natural and planted populations continued, and new plants were searched for by foot and with a small aerial drone. Eight new sowing/planting sites were established to extent the population. On these, achenes were sown on flat molehills from last year in spring and on freshly dug spots in the meadow in winter. Additionally, young plants cultivated in the Botanical Garden of the University of Vienna were planted in autumn. To determine the latest possible date to mow the meadow for a future mowing management, still allowing the achenes to mature, mowing experiments were carried out in garden beds in Vienna. The low germination rate (1 of 200 achenes) of the sowing in spring of 2020 is probably due to the late sowing date, the low precipitation, and the higher exposure to weather conditions on the molehills. Young plants for the planting in autumn were cultivated successfully in garden beds outdoors and in a frost-free temperate house from achenes from last year’s harvest of the wild population. The results of the mowing experiments showed that mowing in the middle of June already resulted in 25 % fewer plants with inflorescences and 75 % fewer inflorescences compared to the control group. The later the mowing took place, the lower the proportion of plants with inflorescences and the number of these were. The measures taken so far can already be rated as success, as the wild population, together with the sowing/planting sites, consisted of more than 200 individuals at the end of 2020.