Abstract (eng)
Between 1772 and 1800, 14 Drammi eroicomici were written in Vienna or imported from Italy and performed locally. The dissertation fundamentally addresses the question of how this group of works is to be evaluated in the context of Italian opera. In a first step, genre- and intertextuality-theoretical as well as literary-theoretical and historical aspects are dis-cussed and attempts are made to differentiate the corpus of works from other varieties of Italian opera. The special concentration of these works in Vienna at the end of the 18th century can be traced back to the biographies of the librettists most influential for the dramma eroicomico – Giambattista Casti and Giovanni de Gamerra – as well as to the cultural-political situation at the Habsburg Court at the time.
The central role-dramaturgical innovation of the Viennese dramma eroicomico becomes visible in the heroic-comic hero figure, which is characterised by a stylistic mixture and a turning away from the typecasting of the role conception. Following the literary tradition of the poema eroicomico, this new type of hero parodies the heroic representation of the opera seria and in this way breaks with the representational function of this art form. From a formal-dramaturgical point of view, the Viennese dramma eroicomico is notable for both a juxtaposition and a symbiosis of the formal language of both opera buffa and opera seria. This is expressed, for example, in an increasing dramatisation and individualisation of the aria design and, especially towards the end of the Settecento, in the beginnings of a deconstruction of the closed number structure and the integration of larger ensemble scene complexes with combined features of both opera buffa and opera seria.
The ubiquitous structural interweaving of heroic comedy, parody and satire in the Viennese dramma eroicomico, in which a genre and social critique becomes comprehensible, is discussed in conclusion with a detailed case study of the dramma eroicomico "Cublai, gran kan de' Tartari" (Vienna 1786 – 1788). The unusually diverse source material allows for a comprehensive description and evaluation of the creation and effect of this opera, which was not permitted for performance by the Viennese theatre censors due to its immanent satirical features.