Abstract (eng)
Infections after prolonged exercise are common in endurance sports. Various immune parameters are deflected from homeostasis and results in a greater risk of infection. Consequently, athletes must deal with negative effects like loss of training time and decline in sports performance. Because of this, there are several nutritional strategies to maintain a healthy immune system during exercise. The most promising option seems to be carbohydrate supplementation. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview of the effects of carbohydrate supplementation before, during and after exercise on the immune system. Based on the PRSIMA statement two online databases (i.e., “PubMed” and “Web of Science”) were searched for compatible studies. The 355 studies found were reduced to eleven papers at the end of the analysis process. Due to the heterogenous amount of liquid and carbohydrates, as well as the different intensity applying during exercise trails, the results somehow varied. However, it turned out, that in the carbohydrate groups the effects of prolonged exercise on the immune system were attenuated for almost all immune related parameters. For further research, the actual development of infection would be an interesting parameter. Conducting the studies in the non-fasting state and with female participants could also be of scientific importance.