Abstract (eng)
Melanoma arises from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. It only represents 5-10 % of skin cancer, but accounts for 90 % of the deadly outcomes - the overall deadliest form of all skin cancers and has a high capacity for metastasis. Morphological changes during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), e.g. cells become more spindle shaped, contribute to metastasis, and metastasis is always accompanied by a loss of adhesion. The focus of this thesis is on the two last mentioned items. Two corresponding xenograft derived cell lines of cutaneous (YDFR-C) and brain metastatic (YDFR-CB) cells from the same patient were examined. The adhesion behavior of the mentioned tumor cells (YDFR-C and YDFR-CB) were examined with the aid of a de-adhesion assay, morphological changes were determined by Imaging, and the impact of the three chosen drugs (Celecoxib, Lovastatin, and Yoda-1) on them was investigated. Moreover, a total protein profiling of both cell lines in every condition (untreated control, Celecoxib, Lovastatin, and Yoda-1) was performed. It could be proven that adhesion in the metastatic YDFR-CB cell line is more pronounced than in the cutaneous YDFR-C cell line. Against other scientific observations, Lovastatin strengthened adhesion in brain metastatic YDFR-CB cells and had furthermore no impact on the adhesion behavior of cutaneous YDFR-C cells. Nevertheless, it had a strong impact on the cell morphology as cells became more spindle-like. Yoda-1 treatment seemed to be contrary concerning the adhesion behavior and the morphologic changes: Cells which had not experienced shear stress before (YDFR-C) showed a strong response concerning de-adhesion behavior, whereas cells already having experienced shear stress (YDFR-CB) once before, showed a strong morphological response. It seems that nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) could function as a molecular biomarker for melanoma. To date, this thesis is the first to compare and put in relation the de-adhesion behavior of human melanoma cells originated from a primary and secondary tumor of the same patient.