Abstract (eng)
This thesis examines the process of integration and cooperation between the European Union (EU) and the Southern Common Market (Mercosur), with a focus on the negotiation and implications of the Association Agreement (AA) signed on 28 June 2019. The study begins by exploring the historical context of the EU, from post-World War II reconstruction and the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) until the establishment of the EU. Likewise, the research understands the European colonial legacy in Latin America, as well as independence movements and attempts at regional integration that preceded the creation of Mercosur. Following the individualised study of both blocs, a comparative analysis is conducted to assess the integration processes, institutional formats, legal systems, decision-making processes and monetary integration of the EU and Mercosur. This analysis sheds light on the similarities and differences between the two regional blocs. Thereafter, the thesis delves into the negotiation process of the AA, examining its history and early developments. Four distinct stages were identified in the evolution of the AA negotiations until the announcement of the agreement in principle in 2019. The status and progress towards a comprehensive agreement are also discussed. Further concentrating on the AA, the thesis analyses its pillar structure, i.e., the political dialogue, cooperation, and trade pillars. It then explores key aspects of the AA, such as regional integration, trade in goods, rules of origin, customs and trade facilitation, sustainable development measures, services and establishment provisions, technical barriers, sanitary/phytosanitary standards, and public procurement policies. Finally, the thesis explores the EU-Mercosur AA's social, economic, and environmental impacts and examines the challenges and opportunities for stakeholders.