Abstract (eng)
The focus of this master's thesis is on the use of prefabricated architecture in Óbuda, Budapest, and on the use of the largest residential building in the People's Republic of Hungary. In order to analyse the use of the architecture, the historical context of its development was first outlined. In doing so, political, architectural-historical, demographic and urbanistic developments of the capital Budapest were pointed out. In this way, the prefab architecture was considered in its historical context. The construction of the prefabricated buildings in Óbuda was part of the Fifteen-Year Plan for housing development of the People's Republic of Hungary and fits into the historical context of the general efforts of the socialist government of the Kádár era between 1960 and 1975 in terms of building technology, housing policy and urban planning. However, the prefabricated buildings are still in use today and they temporally transfer the knowledge that was sedimented in their material structure at the time of their construction. In order to analyse the use of architecture, I examined the forms of architecture that directly influence the possibilities of living. In doing so, I tried to show which historical discourses directed the emergence of these forms and how these forms still evoke the aspirations of these discourses today through their reception and thus influence the subjectification of the inhabitants. The flats of the Faluház—the largest house of the People's Republic—and the other prefabricated buildings in Óbuda were thus subjected to an analysis that considered the architectural history of the buildings as a history of construction and, at the same time, as a history of effects that encompasses a period of time from their construction to their current use.