Abstract (eng)
In most animals, early development is driven by maternally deposited as well as zygotically produced regulatory molecules. Deciphering the embryonic function of these molecules and, consequently, the evolution of the associated developmental mechanisms hinges on the ability to manipulate them effectively. This, in turn, requires the appropriate molecular tools. Here, I focus on developing the means to address two key developmental mechanisms in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis: endoderm specification and axis patterning. First, I generate the molecular tools that will allow studying the role of maternally deposited proteins like Dishevelled in endoderm specification. Traditionally, protein function is disrupted either at the mRNA or genome level. However, these indirect approaches do not target proteins already present in the egg at the time of fertilisation. To achieve that, I developed a novel molecular tool based on the E3 ubiquitin ligase adapter protein SPOP fused to an αGFP or αmCherry nanobody. This offers the opportunity to directly degrade previously inaccessible maternally deposited proteins if tagged with one of these fluorescent proteins. Additionally, I set out to investigate the functional interplay between Hox genes and Gbx responsible for patterning the directive axis. They exhibit a regulatory behaviour strikingly reminiscent of the posterior prevalence phenomenon seen in bilaterians. To study the underlying mechanism, I used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knock-in. I identified working gRNAs by qPCR melt curve analysis and successfully tagged HoxDa with mCherry. With this, I lay the groundwork for future research on the early embryogenesis of Nematostella.