Abstract (eng)
Nahuatl is the most widely spoken indigenous language of Mexico. Historically, Classical Nahuatl, a variety of Central Nahuatl, enjoyed high prestige as the main language of the Aztec Empire and the main indigenous language in colonial Mexico. However, despite having 1.5 million speakers across all varieties, modern Nahuatl is endangered. The present thesis investigates the contexts in which Nahuatl is used on the internet and demonstrates that the linguistic features of those usages do not reflect ongoing language attrition. This thesis first reviews previous work on the reasons for, and the mechanisms of, the interruption of intergenerational transmission of Nahuatl. The apparently relatively large role that the internet plays in language revitalisation is discussed, especially given the only nominal presence of Nahuatl in other media, such as print media and cinema. Subsequently, the thesis looks at the presence of Nahuatl on the internet and asks how those uses reflect the vitality of Nahuatl. For this, an exhaustive survey of the instances of Nahuatl on the internet is elaborated and encompasses the use of Nahuatl in software, websites, mobile applications, and social media. A corpus of two conversations in Nahuatl on the social media platforms Facebook and Discord is prepared and annotated. For the larger of the two conversations, two analyses are conducted: a quantitative analysis of the use of the different orthographies and a qualitative analysis with respect to the specific linguistic markers of attrition in Nahuatl that are mentioned in the literature. The major finding of the present thesis is that although the usages of Nahuatl on the internet are strikingly few, the language used on the internet displays characteristics of vitality such as low number of loans from the dominant language, productive creation of neologisms using native morphemes and the continued use of many constructions which in the literature were reported to be falling in disuse, such as nominal composition, incorporation and reduplication. In addition, the use of different varieties and orthographic standards did not seem to impede communication and thus might not pose an obstacle for efforts in the revitalisation of Nahuatl. In summary, while there are relatively few instances of the use of Nahuatl on the internet, they reflect the vitality of the language, thus strengthening the argument that the Internet can be used as a tool in language revitalisation.