Abstract (eng)
Polyphenols are a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants, know for their multiple health benefits. Despite their widespread occurrence in various foods and their potentially positive impact on human health, relatively little is known about the lactational transfer of polyphenols through breast milk to infants and their potential health impact on newborns. Exposure to polyphenols during crucial stages of infant development, particularly during the breastfeeding phase, may have a substantial impact on development and later life health outcomes. Existing methods for quantifying polyphenols in breast milk are limited, often focusing on a fraction of the analytes and not comprehensively investigating all main polyphenol classes. In the scope of this thesis, a targeted LC-MS/MS assay was developed for the quantification of 86 analytes from various polyphenol groups in breast milk. To achieve this, a sample preparation procedure was optimized for the extraction of polyphenols from breast milk. Subsequently, the processed samples were measured using a previously established targeted LC-MS/MS method developed for assessing polyphenols in human urine, serum, and plasma [1]. The developed method was in-house validated according to Eurachem guidelines [2] and the EU Commission decision 2002/657/EC [3]. Out of the 86 analytes included, 59 polyphenols fulfilled all of the stringent criteria and a further nine analytes partially fulfilled the validation criteria. For all analytes, the mean recovery was 81% and the mean signal suppression or enhancement was 117%. Following validation, the method was applied in a pilot study that involved 30 breast milk samples obtained from twelve different Nigerian mothers. In total, 50 different polyphenols were identified in the samples of the pilot study. The results from the method validation and pilot study were published in Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry [4]. In the future, this developed method can be used in larger cohort studies to further investigate the role of maternal diet on the polyphenol content of breast milk and the impact of polyphenol intake on infant health.