Genomic and transcriptomic survey of bryozoan Hox and ParaHox genes with emphasis on phylactolaemate bryozoans

Ahmed J. Saadi; André Luiz de Oliveira; Kevin M. Kocot; Thomas Schwaha

doi:10.1186/s12864-023-09826-z

Titel

Genomic and transcriptomic survey of bryozoan Hox and ParaHox genes with emphasis on phylactolaemate bryozoans

Autor*in

Ahmed J. Saadi

Department für Evolutionsbiologie, Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften, Universität Wien

André Luiz de Oliveira

Department of Symbiosis, Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology

Kevin M. Kocot

Department of Biological Sciences and Alabama Museum of Natural History, University of Alabama

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Abstract

Background: Bryozoans are mostly sessile aquatic colonial invertebrates belonging to the clade Lophotrochozoa, which unites many protostome bilaterian phyla such as molluscs, annelids and brachiopods. While Hox and ParaHox genes have been extensively studied in various lophotrochozoan lineages, investigations on Hox and ParaHox gene complements in bryozoans are scarce. Results: Herein, we present the most comprehensive survey of Hox and ParaHox gene complements in bryozoans using four genomes and 35 transcriptomes representing all bryozoan clades: Cheilostomata, Ctenostomata, Cyclostomata and Phylactolaemata. Using similarity searches, phylogenetic analyses and detailed manual curation, we have identified five Hox genes in bryozoans (pb, Dfd, Lox5, Lox4 and Post2) and one ParaHox gene (Cdx). Interestingly, we observed lineage-specific duplication of certain Hox and ParaHox genes (Dfd, Lox5 and Cdx) in some bryozoan lineages. Conclusions: The bryozoan Hox cluster does not retain the ancestral lophotrochozoan condition but appears relatively simple (includes only five genes) and broken into two genomic regions, characterized by the loss and duplication of serval genes. Importantly, bryozoans share the lack of two Hox genes (Post1 and Scr) with their proposed sister-taxon, Phoronida, which suggests that those genes were missing in the most common ancestor of bryozoans and phoronids.

Stichwort

BryozoansPhylactolaemateHox and ParaHox genesComparative genomic and transcriptomicGene duplication

Objekt-Typ

journal article

Sprache

Englisch [eng]

Persistent identifier

phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2044974

DOI

10.1186/s12864-023-09826-z

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