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Ali Emre Benli
A growing number of authors argue that states which are responsible for global temperature rise owe reparative obligations to offer asylum to climate refugees because their decisions have led to the severe harms which climate refugees suffer. The validity and significance of reparative obligations as ideal moral requirements notwithstanding, this paper argues that, in practice, relying on causal responsibility to determine who is owed asylum is likely to produce morally objectionable outcomes. T... read more
https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2112581
CC BY 4.0 International
Anja‐Xiaoxing Cui; Sarah N. Kraeutner; Olga Kepinska; Negin Motamed Yeganeh; Nancy Hermiston; Janet F. Werker; Lara A. Boyd
The processing of auditory stimuli which are structured in time is thought to involve the arcuate fasciculus, the white matter tract which connects the temporal cortex and the inferior frontal gyrus. Research has indicated effects of both musical and language experience on the structural characteristics of the arcuate fasciculus. Here, we investigated in a sample of n = 84 young adults whether continuous conceptualizations of musical and multilingual experience related to structural characterist... read more
https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2112580
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International
Adéla Plechatá; Guido Makransky; Robert Böhm
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health threat. This randomized controlled trial evaluates the impact of experiential virtual reality (VR) versus information provision via VR or leaflet on prudent antibiotic use. A total of 249 (239 analyzed) participants were randomized into three conditions: VR Information + Experience, VR Information, or Leaflet Information. All participants received AMR information, while those in the VR Information + Experience condition additionally engaged in a ... read more
https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2112579
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International
Markus Gattringer; Claas Abert; Qi Wang; Andrii Chumak; Dieter Suess
Magnetic field sensors are used intensively in many areas of our lives and the demands on their properties are constantly growing. One of the biggest challenges is the development of an offset-free sensor that provides a zero signal at zero field, regardless of the manufacturing accuracy. Here, we propose the concept of an offset-free sensor, based on the use of standing spin waves. The dispersion of the spin waves strongly depends on the applied magnetic field, so that the excitation maximum of... read more
https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2112578
CC BY 4.0 International
Sabri Koraltan; Claas Abert; Florian Bruckner; Michael Heigl; Manfred Albrecht; Dieter Suess
We demonstrate the controlled generation and annihilation of (anti)skyrmions with tunable chirality in magnetic heterostructures by means of micromagnetic simulations. By making use of magnetic (anti)vortices in a patterned ferromagnetic layer, we stabilize (anti)skyrmions in an underlying skyrmionic thin film in a reproducible manner. The stability of the (anti)skyrmion depends on the polarization of the (anti)vortex, whereas their chirality is given by those of the (anti)vortices. We investiga... read more
https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2112577
CC BY 4.0 International
Rodrigo Martín-Hernández; Lorenz Grünewald; Luis Sánchez-Tejerina; Luis Plaja; Enrique Conejero Jarque; Carlos Hernández-García; Sebastian Mai
Structured light provides unique opportunities to spatially tailor the electromagnetic field of laser beams. These include the possibility of a sub-wavelength spatial separation of their electric and magnetic fields, which would allow isolating interactions of matter with pure magnetic (or electric) fields. This could be particularly interesting in molecular spectroscopy, as excitations due to electric and—usually very weak—magnetic transition dipole moments can be disentangled. In this work, we... read more
https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2112576
CC BY 4.0 International
K Klockmann; T Krivobokova
A new efficient nonparametric estimator for Toeplitz covariance matrices is proposed. This estimator is based on a data transformation that translates the problem of Toeplitz covariance matrix estimation to the problem of mean estimation in an approximate Gaussian regression. The resulting Toeplitz covariance matrix estimator is positive definite by construction, fully data driven and computationally very fast. Moreover, this estimator is shown to be minimax optimal under the spectral norm for a... read more
https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2112575
CC BY 4.0 International
Jakob Pietschnig; Sandra Oberleiter; Marcel D. Köhler
Smoking behavior has been well-established to be more prevalent in individuals with psychosis and bipolar disorder compared to the general population. However, reports about higher suicide attempt prevalence of smoking compared to non-smoking patients suggest that smoking behavior may contribute to identifying at-risk groups of patients in a comparatively easy manner. In the present systematic quantitative review, we provide meta-analytical evidence on the smoking and suicide attempt link in 22 ... read more
https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2112573
CC BY 4.0 International
Mihaela Pavlicev; J. DiFrisco; Alan C. Love; Günter P. Wagner
Although evolutionary transitions of individuality have been extensively theorized, little attention has been paid to the origin of levels of organization within organisms. How and why do specialized cells become organized into specialized tissues or organs? What spurs a transition in organizational level in cases where the function is already present in constituent cell types? We propose a hypothesis for this kind of evolutionary transition based on two features of cellular metabolism: metaboli... read more
https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2112572
CC BY 4.0 International
Mildred J. Johnson; Sarah Lemer; Masato Hirose; Sebastian H. Decker; Thomas Schwaha
Boring bryozoans dissolve calcium carbonate substrates, leaving unique borehole traces. Depending on the shell type, borehole apertures and colony morphology can be diagnostic for distinguishing taxa, but to discriminate among species their combination with zooidal morphology is essential. All boring (endolithic) bryozoans are ctenostomes that, along with other boring taxa, are common in benthic communities. The growth rates of such bryozoans, including Immergentiidae, are largely unknown. For t... read more
https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2112571
CC BY 4.0 International

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