Abstract (eng)
In a majority of the European Union’s Member States, the past 20 years demonstrated a major shift in income distribution, negatively affecting employees. This paper analyses how Austria’s participation in the European multi-level system from the mid-90s on influenced the income distribution in Austria. The basis of this analysis is the wage ratio as an indicator for functional income distribution. The influence of internal market integration and sectoral change is estimated with panel data at the 2-digit sector level for the period 1984-2004; general and institutional factors are estimated with data for the whole national economy.
The identified channels of influence are: the consequences of the configuration of the internal market (or, more generally, the indirect Europeanisation of economy) and, more pertinently, institutional changes (forms of state intervention on distribution, Economic and Monetary Union, power shift at the expense of trade unions). These factors can go a long way towards explaining the prominent decrease in the wage ratio, strengthening the factor capital rather than labour when it comes to the distribution of the aggregate income. It is not possible to quantify precisely the EU-induced share of the general decrease. The sectoral change and the Europeanisation of the Austrian economy hardly play a direct role.