Abstract (eng)
Chlorite dismutase (Cld) is a key enzyme in the energy-gaining reduction of (per)chlorate to chlorite (ClO2-). Thereby, Cld detoxifies the respiration product ClO2- to harmless chloride (Cl-) and oxygen (O2). Remarkably, genomic and phylogenetic analyses revealed the widespread presence of cld-homologues in various prokaryotic lineages, for which no (per)chlorate-reducing phenotype has been demonstrated to date. In this thesis, the characterization of two putative cld-like genes from Listeria monocytogenes and Nitrobacter winogradskyi was performed revealing new insights into this protein family.
L. monocytogenes is a gram-positive human pathogen naturally inhabiting diverse environments like soil, silage and water. Furthermore, by infecting various eukaryotic host cells it causes life-threatening diseases in immunocompromised people, pregnant women and elderly. Expression analysis on the protein level demonstrated that this Cld-like protein of L. monocytogenes is cytosolic, shows a high degree of stability, and is constitutively expressed throughout growth at 28°C and 37°C. Similar to validated Clds, its expression is upregulated under anaerobic growth conditions outside the eukaryotic host. Surprisingly, this Cld is not able to degrade chlorite but shows a weak catalase activity. Further experiments conducted, including macrophage infection assays, did not reveal the true function of the cld-homolog in L. monocytogenes.
The Cld-homolog from N. winogradskyi is shortened at the N-terminus but nevertheless showed a high chlorite degrading ability in the range of other validated Clds. This study is the second report about a functional Cld in a nitrite-oxidizing bacterium. However, the reasons for the abundance of a functional Cld in these microorganisms remain unknown.