Abstract (eng)
Since Bulgaria and Rumania have joined the EU, there has been more awareness of mendicant immigration from Eastern Europe and the media has often report on “organized gangs”. But what is rumor and what is fact? How does Viennese society deal with beggars? And what is the opinion of those involved? The goal of this thesis is to connect the diverse points of view and to examine prejudices and stereotypes of beggars in the public perception. At the theoretical level, this paper includes studies of the current laws, a discourse analysis and the perspective of legal philosophy. In two qualitative studies, the Viennese population’s perception of mendicants and the Romanian-speaking mendicants perception of themselves are explored. These studies are then compared. Grounded Theory research methods were used in discussions and interviews with experts, beggars, passers-by, shop workers, and one police officer. The results show that the stereotypes expressed in legal discourse hardly differed from the perception of the passers-by and the shop workers. Mendicants from Eastern Europe are seen as “fake poor” who are controlled from the backround by a mafia organization. Additionally, they are described as aggressive and “pushy“. The mendicants however have a contrary opinion: In Austria they have, as yet, seen no possibility to work in order to support their families. They are frightened, though, not of a mafia organization, but of the police. The empirical study shows that the current laws, the legal discourse, and the official treatment of mendicants all have great influence on the perception of the Viennese population. Public opinion is prejudiced by the idea that the Romanians are purposely portraying themselves as indigent in order to take advantage of the generosity of people and exploit the state’s social system. At the same time “criminal masterminds” are using these “innocent victims” for their lucrative business. According to the common belief, Austria is over-run by beggars from Eastern Europe. These, along with other stereotypes and prejudices held against mendicants, are critically examined in order to determine whether the perception about beggars is true or not. This analysis is then being compared to the self-evaluation of the 15 mendicants interviewed.