Abstract (eng)
The Diaoyu/Senkaku islands are rather small, remote and uninhabited islands in the middle of the East China Sea in between the People´s Republic of China and Japan. Nevertheless these islands or rather the conflict for them periodically appears in the media in Europe. In my opinion it is interesting, that the Western media adopts a biased attitude towards the conflict and draws a very critical picture of the PR of China. After a short research in English-speaking newspapers published in the PR of China and in Japan, it was clear to me that the picture drawn in their reports differs a lot from the Western perception. The islands seemed to be perceived differently in both countries and were likely to be used as political symbols. These thoughts were the starting point of this master thesis.
In the present thesis the respective national discourse about the Diaoyu/Senkaku islands in both the PR of China and Japan has been analyzed, in order to determine, if these islands serve as political symbols and in case they do so, it has been analyzed what these islands as political symbols stand for. In doing so, the investigation period has been fixed as the events concerning the purchase of the islands by the Japanese government in autumn 2012. English-speaking articles of six newspapers (three published in the PR of China, three in Japan) have been investigated, applying the qualitative content analysis approach of Mayring and the discourse analysis of Jaeger and Schwab-Trapp. The analysis was based inter alia on the consideration of Edelman and Sarcinelli with regard to political symbols and of Luhmann and Bourdieu.
The analysis of the examined material showed, that the islands in both countries have very diverse meanings. In the PR of China the islands stand for humiliations suffered in the past by Japan, partly for the legitimacy of the present rule of the Communist party in China, that claims the reunification of China after WW II, for the international rise of China, which Japan (and its ally, the USA) try to hinder, but also for the (political) weakness of Japan, which may be witnessed by the rise of the rightist forces in Japan. The analysis also showed, that in Japan the islands mainly stand for a dispute over domestic policy affairs with the rightist forces. Besides, the islands are also a political symbol for the anxiety of the Japanese of a reinvigorating China.